2026年04月12日
組み合わせの発明について～美味しいチーズタルトを食べて考えてみた【リライト版】
そんな味と触感で、並んででも食べた甲斐がありました！
厳密性よりもわかりやすい考え方をご紹介します。
以下の①～③のいずれかに該当するか考えてみましょう。
該当すれば、発明として成立する可能性が高いと言えます。
そう言える場合には、その組み合わせ自体がアイデアです。
発明として成立する可能性が高いです。
この逆で、例えば、ただ単に一緒にしたというだけ！
これでは、アイデアという感じではありませんね。
そんな場合には、発明として成立する可能性が高いです。
必ずしもそうではありません。
→相乗効果
→装置の大きさがわずかに小さくなる（異質の効果）
単に複数のものをセットにしたものは、発明として成立しません。
「ベイクドチーズケーキとレアチーズケーキを一緒に出す新メニュー」
これはアイデア！という感じではありませんね。発明とは言えません。
どうやって出願書類を書いたらいい？
など迷われた際には、ぜひ弁理士（特許事務所）にご相談ください。
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弁理士 田村誠治（元特許庁審査官）
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音は出ませんのでぜひご覧ください
＜機械翻訳＞
On Combination Inventions: Reflections After Eating a Delicious Cheese Tart [Rewritten Version]
During a business trip, I visited a famous cheese tart shop.
They combined baked cheesecake and rare cheesecake!
The taste and texture were so good, it was well worth the wait!
While enjoying the delicious cheese tart, I was thinking about patents (lol).
This article is about "combination inventions."
Can a combination of publicly known items be patentable?
I hope this will be helpful for those who have this question.
■On the Inventiveness of Combinations <Basic Concepts>
Can a combination of publicly known items constitute an invention?
I will introduce a simpler approach rather than strict rigor.
Consider whether it falls under any of the following ① to ③.
If it does, it is highly likely to be an invention.
① Did you put in the effort to combine them?
Yes, I put in the effort to combine them!
If so, the combination itself is the idea.
It is highly likely to be an invention.
Conversely, for example, simply combining things without any real substance!
This doesn't really feel like an idea, does it?
② Does the combination produce a synergistic or heterogeneous effect?
If the combination produces a synergistic or heterogeneous effect!
In such cases, it's highly likely to be considered an invention.
When we talk about synergistic effects, does 1+1 = 100?
Not necessarily.
Even if 1+1 = 2.1, that could be considered a synergistic effect.
Also, heterogeneous effects are acceptable.
In the case of heterogeneous effects, 1+1 = 0.1 is sometimes sufficient.
This would be considered an "invention that yields a heterogeneous effect of 0.1."
(Example)
• Device A has a function that reduces costs
• Device B has a function that saves energy
• Device C combines Device A and Device B
In this case, for example,
• Device C maintains the same cost reduction while having a higher energy-saving effect than Device B
→ Synergistic effect
• Device C has almost no cost reduction or energy-saving effect
→ The size of the device becomes slightly smaller (heterogeneous effect)
In cases like these, Device C is considered an invention.
③ Is there physical and functional unity?
Simply combining multiple items does not constitute an invention.
In the example above, the appliance set of Device A and Device B is not an invention.
■ If it falls under any of ① to ③, there is a high probability that it is an invention.
Incidentally, the cheese tart mentioned at the beginning is, of course, an invention.
The development of that cheese tart must have required the efforts of everyone involved.
And it has a synergistic effect or heterogeneous effect (taste, texture, etc.).
On the other hand, for example,
"A new menu item that serves baked cheesecake and no-bake cheesecake together"
This doesn't really feel like an idea, does it? It can't be called an invention.
Furthermore, whether an invention is patentable is another matter.
It depends on whether identical or similar inventions already exist.
■ How was that?
Here, we've presented a way of thinking that's easier to understand than strict accuracy.
There are various other ways of thinking about combination inventions besides those mentioned above.
Also, writing patent application documents requires considerable ingenuity.
If you're unsure whether a combination idea can be considered an invention,
how to write the application documents,
please consult a patent attorney (patent office).
