2024年12月13日
「物の使い方」を特許請求の範囲に書いても意味がありません【リライト版】
重要で、応用範囲の広いものをご紹介します。
■「物の使い方」を特許請求の範囲に記載する？
また、物の発明とその物の製造方法の発明を記載することもできます。
（参考）発明の成立性：特許法第２９条第１項柱書
物Ａを製造して販売すれば、ビジネスになり得ます。
一方、請求項２については、どうでしょうか？
このことが、お分かり頂けると思います。
特許にする方法はないのでしょうか？
ただ上述したように、必ずしも効果的ではありません。
物の「構成」に何らかの工夫をこらす必要があるとしましょう。
その場合は、その物の構成で特許の取得を目指すのが効果的です。
他者が無断でその発明を実施すれば、そのことが発見されやすいです。
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東雲特許事務所（しののめ特許事務所）
弁理士 田村誠治（元特許庁審査官）
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＜機械翻訳＞
There is no point in including "how to use an object" in the scope of a patent claim [Rewritten version]
This article is about how to include claims in a patent.
We will introduce important claims with a wide range of applications.
The same goes for utility models. I hope this article is helpful.
■ How to include "how to use an object" in the scope of a patent claim?
In the scope of a patent claim, the invention for which you are seeking a patent is described in separate claims.
For example, you can describe an invention of an object from several different perspectives.
You can also describe an invention of an object and an invention of a manufacturing method for that object.
You may come across a patent publication with the following description.
********************
[Claim 1] Invention of object A
[Claim 2] How to use object A X
********************
Object A is an invention of a daily necessities, and the person who uses object A is an individual, such as a consumer.
The effect of a patent right does not extend to personal implementation.
Therefore, there is no point in obtaining a patent for claim 2.
Also, claim 2 may not be an invention in the first place.
■Does "how to use an object" qualify as an invention?
The effectiveness of patent rights and the validity of an invention are often difficult to judge.
(Reference) Validity of an invention: Article 29, paragraph 1, main text of the Patent Act
As I wrote in another article, there is another way of thinking:
✔Would someone else be willing to pay money to implement the invention?
✔Would you be able to discover if someone implemented the invention without permission?
If you think about it this way, it can be a guide to whether it is worth obtaining a patent.
✔Regarding claim 1:
If you manufacture and sell object A, it can become a business.
There will be people who are willing to make object A even if they are willing to pay money.
If someone else is selling object A without permission, you will be able to discover it.
✔Regarding claim 2:
On the other hand, what about claim 2?
There is no point in obtaining a patent for claim 2 → There is no point in listing it in the claim
I hope you understand this.
Incidentally, utility models cannot be registered for the invention of a method.
So what do you do if you come up with a good idea for how to use an object?
Is there a way to patent it?
Of course, you can aim to obtain a patent for it as a method invention.
However, as mentioned above, this is not always effective.
What kind of configuration is necessary to realize the way that the object is used?
Let's say that some kind of ingenuity is needed in the "configuration" of the object.
In that case, it is effective to aim to obtain a patent for the configuration of the object.
Generally, the "configuration" is written in the claims.
How that "configuration" is used is explained in the specification of the patent application documents.
Claims should avoid describing "actions," "functions," and "effects" as much as possible.
Also, if only the configuration is written, it will be more difficult for others to implement the invention without permission.
If someone implements the invention without permission, it will be easily discovered.
<Amendment to the above example>
********************************************************
[Claim 1] Invention of product A
[Claim 2] Product A described in claim 1 has the configuration B.
[Detailed description of the invention] in the specification
By configuring it as B, product A can be used in the way X is.
****************************************************
By doing this, you can aim to obtain a valuable patent for the invention of a product.
I hope this is helpful.
